We define Non-GAAP EBITDA as net income (loss) excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. We did not incur amortization expense during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.
We define Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA as Non-GAAP EBITDA further adjusted for merger-related transaction costs and other income (expense). Other income (expense) consists of foreign currency gains and losses, changes in the fair value of financial instruments and stock-based compensation.
We use these Non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons. We believe these measures provide analysts, investors and management with helpful information regarding the underlying operating performance of our business, as they provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance and liquidity by removing the impact of items that we believe are not reflective of our underlying operating performance. The Non-GAAP measures are used by us to evaluate our core operating performance and liquidity on a comparable basis and to make strategic decisions. The Non-GAAP measures also facilitate company-to-company operating performance comparisons by backing out potential differences caused by variations such as capital structures, taxation, depreciation, capital expenditures and other non-cash items (i.e., embedded derivatives, debt extinguishment and stock-based compensation) which may vary for different companies for reasons unrelated to operating performance. However, different companies may define these terms differently and accordingly comparisons might not be accurate. There are a number of limitations related to the use of Non-GAAP financial measures. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the U.S. GAAP amounts excluded from these Non-GAAP financial measures, and evaluating these Non-GAAP financial measures together with their relevant financial measures in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Non-GAAP measures such as EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow are not intended to be a substitute for any U.S. GAAP financial measure.
We have included reconciliations from the most directly comparable GAAP metric to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 below.
The following table presents a reconciliation of Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA to our net loss for the periods indicated.
|
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
||||||
Net loss |
$ |
(36,641 |
) |
|
$ |
(96,305 |
) |
|
$ |
(21,529 |
) |
Plus interest expense |
|
1,596 |
|
|
|
8,729 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
Plus income tax expense (benefit) |
|
4,573 |
|
|
|
(232 |
) |
|
|
148 |
|
Plus depreciation |
|
14,326 |
|
|
|
10,728 |
|
|
|
3,031 |
|
Non-GAAP EBITDA |
$ |
(16,146 |
) |
|
$ |
(77,080 |
) |
|
$ |
(18,307 |
) |
| Plus Merger transaction costs |
|
11,188 |
|
|
|
16,236 |
|
|
|
— |
|
| Less other income, net |
|
(1,140 |
) |
|
|
(1,069 |
) |
|
|
(594 |
) |
| Less change in fair value of financial instruments |
|
(58,311 |
) |
|
|
(17,983 |
) |
|
|
(9,637 |
) |
| Plus loss on extinguishment of debt |
|
— |
|
|
|
37,216 |
|
|
|
9,240 |
|
| Plus stock-based compensation |
|
8,368 |
|
|
|
10,881 |
|
|
|
1,732 |
|
| Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA |
$ |
(56,041 |
) |
|
$ |
(31,799 |
) |
|
$ |
(17,566 |
) |
